THE FIRST PERSON PROPOSED THEORY 

OF “NANYANG CUISINES” IN 2010

Malaysian cuisines divides into 5 main ethnic groups-

and 3 level of social classes: 1. Royal and Noble, 2. National Heritage Food, 3. Malaysian cuisines of five main ethnic groups such as 1.Malay, 2.Chinese, 3. India, 4.Special ethnic Nyonya Food, 5. East Malaysia Aborigines Cuisines and another unique dishes from North Malaysia Peninsular Siamese Malaysian and Eurasian. 

In 2010,  Jacky Liew firstly introduces the Malaysian cuisines categorize as “Malay Archipelago Delicacies of Nanyang Cuisine” and systematize it into five major ethnic groups according to their race, language family, geography and other characteristics.

Malaysia cuisines consists of:

  1. Malay Cuisine” forms by Austronesian language family which are Proto-Malay, Deutero-Malay, Malay world (Nusantara), Arab immigrants and others.
  2. Chinese Cuisine” includes the Malaysian Chinese native place dishes from South of China under the Sino-Tibetan language family.
  3. South and North Indian Cuisines” from Dravidian language family and Indo-European language family. Except for Malaysian Indian, it may also divides into “Mamak” which intermarriage between Malay and South Indian immigrants and “Hindu Muslim” which intermarriage between Malay and North Indian immigrants. Both of the Mamak and Hindu Muslim have the identity of “Bumiputera” as the Malay. However, the Hindu Muslim does not know Tamil like Mamak, but they used Penang-Malay language.
  4. Special ethnic cuisines” belongs to Malay-Creole. It only limited to ethnic group born within the British Colonies such as Baba Nyonya which intermarriage between Malay and Chinese or Peranakan and other Chitty ethnic which intermarriage between Malay and Indian. It is different with Mamak and Indian Muslim that Chitty does not believe in Muslim. 
  5. Aborigines cuisines” forms by West Malaysia’s aborigines of Eurasiatic and Austronesian language family and the Indigenous peoples from Sabah, Sarawak of East Malaysia.  

 

The another two unique ethnics, they are:

  1. Eurasian Mixed Blood Cuisine” from the historical context of Malaysia colonial times. The Portuguese, England man, Holland intermarriage with the local people, one of the most famous is the Luso-Asian cuisines that happened in the intermarriage with the Portuguese and Local people.
  2. Malaysia Siamese cuisine” is the Sam Sam that lived in North Malaysia Peninsular which near to Thailand.

 

These two of unique ethnics still maintain their own culture after intermarriage with the local ethnic group. They can also see a strong foreign style in their diet. They are neither Muslims nor primitive inhabitants, but they are granted the “Bumiputera” status by the Malaysian government. This is the exact opposite of Baba and Chitty. This is a very special case in Malaysia. Because the population is less than 100,000, it is not widely spread, so it is not included in the mainstream cuisine.

Under such a rich history of Malaysian cuisine, it is natural to lay the backbone of Malay cuisine with a large number of races, languages and populations. After integrating the separate cookings of various ethnic groups and the aboriginal and aboriginal people, it is only Malay. The languages spoken by the people, the indigenous peoples of East Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak belong to the North Borneo language family, which are different from the Austro-Asian and Austronesian languages of the indigenous people of West Malaysia, and the cuisine is also different. The indigenous cuisine of West Malaysia is the original Malay world flavor. It is an ancestor who was in the Malay Peninsula earlier. Unlike the Malay-Deutero people later laid this foundation and add the spices seasoning which from the Malay World.

Chinese cuisine is tolerant of southern Chinese cuisine’s native place or re-creation, Indian cuisine has a combination of more south than north cuisine, and a profound combination of the Muslim rule of the origin of India and the profound influence of the British colonial culture. As for Indian Muslims and Ma, the Nyonya cuisine that is racially differentiated is included in Kitty, together with the indigenous Portuguese Eurasian “sub-ethnic cuisine” [10] At present, most of them are almost remnants and lost, and they are forcibly included as “Malays” or “Muslims” under the Malaysian policy. As a result, the population has not increased but decreased, and the tradition has not been able to continue, forming a crisis of genocide.

The diversified Malaysian cuisine includes spices from the Malay world, Cantonese and Fujian cuisine from the Chinese culinary kingdom, cuisine from the ancient civilization of India, and foreign flavors from Western colonization. They represent different races, foreign factors, and social structures, so they have a diverse dietary culture. This condition for building a huge system, as the Malaysian cuisine in the co-creation of Nanyang cuisine, and this system with the Malaysian archipelago that integrates the flavors of various countries, how to promote this excellent food paradise to the world in order to face the new soft culture economy compete. Eater is convinced that if he wants to become the pearl of Malay in the eyes of the world and win a favorable position for Malaysian food culture, he needs to draw special symbols on Malaysian food and position it Nanyang Malaysian cuisines of various ethnic groups are famous and go hand in hand with the famous dishes of other countries in the world, creating a true Malaysian food paradise.

To indicate the Malaysian cuisine in the Southeast Asian cuisine is equivalent to the lofty status of the Eight Geographical Cuisine in China, and more appropriately, it should be named after the language used by various ethnic groups in Malaysia Cuisine. Because of the lack of genre, the origin of cuisine is defined by race, geography, Malay, Chinese, and Indian. “Nanyang” is not only related to migration to Southeast Asia, but also deeply affected by the Southeast Asia region. The influence of the Malay Archipelago in China will come back to my country to trade with the ingredients, seasonings and spices carried by the Southeast Asian countries. As for the Malaysian cuisine that matches the flavor of Malay Archipelago cuisine, it has since been developed by the surrounding island countries, the Malay world’s customs, products, people’s customs, cooking, and tastes. So that each state presents a regional style, and summarizes a unique fusion cuisine“. Whether it is a combination of Chinese medicinal materials, Malay herbs, natural plants, Indian spices and Western seasonings, they are unique to our country. Compound flavor type Heavy spice, fragrance, good spicy, with aroma tonic, integrated Flavor-famous Malaysian cuisine[11]and named it as “fragrance cuisines”[12].Participate in this area comparable to the world, and hope that the quality and acceptance of food will be internationally recognized as the value of food, surpassing the soft power of other countries to transform into real tourist cuisine, achieving the role of protecting the country’s cuisine, expanding the national economic barrier, and building a global market for Malaysia Chemical flags. This is the reason why Jacky Liew decided to set “Southern Asian cuisine”, a Malaysian cuisine influenced by the flavors of the Malay Archipelago.

Prior to this, the Malaysian cuisine of the Malay Archipelago in Nanyang cuisine has not been mentioned, nor has it appeared in the domestic and foreign media or attracted the attention of scholars, as a preservation of the inheritance and positioning of related recipes. It wasn’t until 2010 that Jacky Liew’s book Truly Nyonya Malacca was officially labelled. It was because of the popularization of awareness in the world, it was impossible to distinguish between Asian races. It is as simple as the classification of Nyonya and Chinese. Pulled tea or Indian pancakes are often mistaken for Malay creations, not to mention which race is being eaten or the food of a certain Chinese origin. Even Malaysia and Singapore are only common. There was an original dispute between gourmet food and patents. Gein’s food has the same origin. If you study carefully, Malaysian cuisine is far from neighboring countries. In order to permanently solve the problem of Guangdong Yusheng, Hainanese Chicken Rice, Bak Kut Teh and even the hawker culture that the Nanyang Chinese recreated their cuisines, one cannot help but ask, are these delicacies that migrated with Chinese sages really the origin of Malaysia? As far as our country is vast, rich, diverse, terroir, people’s sentiments, and living customs are very different from Singapore’s geographical density, behavior, and thinking, as a culture, there are various forms inside, but must be manifested outside. Food must also go through a long period of incubation. It will then form a national or national cultural history. From the selection of ingredients in the two countries, changes in cooking to development, they have their own faces. It’s just that there have been no scholars to really study Malaysian products, resources, and understand the history of Malaysian food. Blindly and narrowly as a restaurant, a delicacy created by the field legends will be used in a big way, and it will end up in a dilemma that everything is inferior to humans. Therefore, Jacky Liew has to clarify the food positioning of Malaysia and neighboring countries or more accurately point out the classification of the food culture.

According to the academic distinctions of the three highest-level royal families, the most primitive cuisines of West Malaysia and East Malaysia aborigines, and the cuisine of Siamese in Malaysia. Natural herbs, lack of plant seasoning, primitive tribal cooking, and even migration to a certain ethnic kitty, a combination of Malay, Chinese and Indian culture, the residence can be a tall Malay house built in the style of Sumatra Minangkabao on the roof, Chinese red lanterns are hung outdoors, and Indian gods are worshipped indoors, but the black and white photos of Chinese ancestors or gods’ cards are placed next to the altar. They believe in Hinduism, but they wear Malay sarongs and Kobayas. On the left and right, the face looks like Indians and Malays, and the whole is like Peranakan. They communicate in Malay mixed with Chinese dialects, such as “hybrid culture”, and they speak Malay with the natives of Baba, with the native language of Chinese nationality. , Common in food, clothing and life are full of elements of shared coexistence. Even Malaysians who are born and raised in Malaysia cannot tell the reason for this. How can foreigners recognize who is whose culture? In this melting pot of Malaysia, there are too many similar and specious cross-cultural miniatures, not only food, culture, identity, and life after adapting to each other. This is also the most unique attraction of Malaysia. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the cuisines to “correct their names,” so that “multicultural” will not become a culture without cultural characteristics, and it will not show the ethnic culture of Malaysian cuisine.

Food Critic Jacky Liew visits the Parliament Building to invite Minister Peter Chin Fah Kui to eat Japanese food

The original text is the abstract of the Thesis paper published by the author Jacky Liew at the 2011 China International Symposium, which is included in the Symposium Paper Library

Copyright Protected by Turnitin and CNKI  17/11/2020

Footnotes

  1. Portugal has a reputation as European gourmets. The dishes are mostly related to art-run restaurants and maritime history. Because of its abundance of wine, it is good at adjusting wines according to the attributes of the dishes. They are very particular about what wine glasses to use, opening bottles, and pouring wine. Unfortunately, in the nineteenth century, five hundred years later, the Portuguese who remained in Malaysia suffered from the oppression of the Netherlands, Japanese rule, and British colonization. Come to Portugal’s cultural and entertainment achievements formed by the integration of indigenous, Chinese, Peranakan, Chitty and Portuguese foreign cultures. The food is mixed with Malay, Chinese, Indian, Dutch, and British mixed elements, and it is no longer a pure Portuguese food culture. ↩
  2. Sub-ethnicity mostly refers to the sub-categories below the large ethnic group, such as the ancestral home classification below the Chinese, the origin of the Malay ethnic group, the Tamil and Telugu immigrants of Indian immigrants, etc., but here it refers specifically to Malaysia that cannot be simply summarized in Individual categories of Chinese, Malay, and India, especially those of mixed races who are unable to obtain their identity, appear discrete, or lose their sense of belonging due to historical and political factors.↩
  3. Experts from the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom pointed out that the taste composed of aroma, in the form of chemical substances, transmits information through the mouth and nose to the brain, which will make people feel happy and enjoyment. In addition to the taste of the food itself, it may be similar to human beings. The original victory response is related, which is why Malaysian cuisine has such an irresistible temptation.↩
  4. The attractiveness of Malaysian cuisine is the fragrance and aroma of the dishes, and this scent can make people remember the indica that they have eaten. Nothing is more memorable than “scents”. The coming and going of fragrances always inadvertently call people to yearn and remember the taste of deja vu, giving this place a unique sign and becoming a mark. You might as well close your eyes gently. As long as you can breathe, you can’t resist the intrusion of aromas roaming in the air. In a moment, it can arouse people’s appetite as quickly as possible. This is the “spicy cuisine” of Malaysian cuisine.↩

查看更多…

大马美食家鼻祖 | 食公子经典

这是廖城兰最先以“廖圣然”别名在《风味》、《旅行家》、《苹果》,所撰写的旅游饮食文章,亦是最早在《苹果》以“苹果“代表星级评鉴。2000年饮食界正处在一个兴替交迭的机遇点上,在尚未流行美食前,普罗大众还不怎热衷於美食追求。故也就无人会在意什么是美食家、食神。在大马,这是个从未有过寻找美食的概念。然而在本土传媒对外来美食家的渲染,导致人们对这名词“美食家” 的认识后,终开启对“吃”的欲望。

Read More »
马来西亚菜系-马来仁当

马来西亚饮食文化体系 – 五大源流、三层阶级 | 廖城兰

2010年,马来西亚美食家食公子是首位提出“南洋菜系”一词受马来群岛风味影响的学者,并将马来西亚菜系划分为五大菜系源流,并将其作三等社会阶级:1. 皇室、2. 传统美食、3. 马来西亚菜五大体系,即1.马来、2. 华族、3.印度、4. 特定种族的娘惹菜、5. 东马北婆罗洲土著原始菜系,此外一些独特菜系如北部泰国穆斯林暹罗人菜系及马六甲土生葡萄牙欧亚人菜系。

Read More »

大马美食家、食神的名人效应 | 廖城兰 | 食公子经典

大马美食家食公子有时会碰到一些有困难的商家,为了帮助应付生意不济,但凡知道他们辛苦、难以缴费都会先垫付版位金额,帮其度过难关。真要撑不下去,欠款就当不了了之也不计较。或出钱资助有可塑性的餐厅,并将购回杂志、报份,在刊登后再度免费转送给餐厅派发,一来供店家赠阅朋友、顾客或留作纪念,二则建议派送附近居民,藉此激发地方效应。

Read More »
马来西亚美食家-部长蔡志勇-名人饭局

爱国者马来西亚美食大使 | 廖城兰

2007年,有鉴大马人对治国人物的冷感以及政治所预见的明争暗斗,廖城蘭遂以资讯性的饮食叙述加入政治元素,以饭局邀约格式,造成日后轰动一时的“名人饭局”,并通过这层联系常与统治者、部长、国州议员、国外使节交往,感情甚笃。曾听他们的助理抱怨,廖城蘭的话锋犹如匕首,尤对时局提问,绝无妥协余地。如果一个连高官显要都敢据理力争的作家,还有什么不敢得罪,颇具文胆,以致后来他的文章越来越坦率。

Read More »
廖城兰 食公子-作家与玫瑰花

大马美食家:119位政治家,著作更被大学、国家图书馆收录

美国“迷失一代”作家海明威说“作家都有个不幸童年” 像永恒诅咒,牢固贴合在伟大作家的生命里,形成日后独有风格。倘说马来西亚美食家的食公子,绝对是最受欢迎的美食评鉴作家,论名气、影响力及其无私献身精神,该当他莫属。除了食公子杂文给人有种“想吃”冲动外,群众给予的感情分该是成功因素。许多忠於他的读者,把食公子一致当做代表马来西亚的美食家,这是种特殊情份,属於“我们美食家”的亲切荣耀。

Read More »

大马美食家; 大马食神; 马来西亚美食家; 马来西亚食神;食公子